KOSUN

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  • Causes and Solutions of Mud-related Pollutions

    READ: In drilling operations, drilling fluids are prone to be deteriorated by pollutions of H2S, plaster, brine, CO2, etc., exposing drilling safety to great risks and elevating the costs. As the mud attributes to successful drilling operations, environmental problems should be emphasized. Now, let’s discuss about causes and solutions of mud-related pollutions.

    In drilling operations, drilling fluids are prone to be deteriorated by pollutions of H2S, plaster, brine, CO2, etc., exposing drilling safety to great risks and elevating the costs. As the mud attributes to successful drilling operations, environmental problems should be emphasized. Now, let’s discuss about causes and solutions of mud-related pollutions.

    I. How does the mud pollute?

    1. On one hand, its difficult organic chemicals will form an insulating layer to prevent water penetration into soil and plants. On the other hand, the other organic chemicals will poison the plants in water.

    2. Its engine oil and diesel content are critically harmful to the soil, plants and water.

    3. Its salt and exchangeable sodium ions will crust the soil, complicate water penetration into the soil, do harm to the plants and immensely affect the ground water.

    4. Its rock cuttings will also harm the soil, plants, ground water and aquatic life, more or less.

    II. How should we lessen or even eliminate the pollution surrounding drilling field?

    1. Add setting liquid into finishing drilling fluids since the solidified fluids is environmentally conscious.

    2. Apply non-solids drilling fluids as much as is practical in order to readily carry the rock cuttings, to free of changing the fluids and to recycle the drilling fluids.

    3. Use quality fluids to settle as much rock cuttings as possible for better getting rid of rock cuttings.

    4. Install a desilter if possible to soften the solid content and extend the mud’s life cycle.

    5. Drill into the surface of the soil with the upper well drilling fluids.

    6. Bury the rock cuttings in a large hole and seal with plastic film.

    7. If possible, reduce or even stop adding the inorganic salt, especially the sodium salt or less biodegradable high-molecule chemicals.

     

  • U.S.A. OTC Grandly Opens; KOSUN Black Rhino Mud Cleaner Captures Massive Spotlight

    On May 5th 2014, Houston, Texas saw the 45th Offshore Technology Conference (short for OTC) opening grandly, which Xi’an KOSUN Machinery Co., Ltd. attended with its latest fruit—Black Rhino Mud Cleaner at the stand numbered 7535, and which gathered international, domestic oil equipment manufacturers and purchasers in tens of thousands to discuss oil equipment business at Reliant Park.

    Xi’an KOSUN Machinery Co., Ltd. at OTC
    Xi’an KOSUN Machinery Co., Ltd. at OTC
     
    Black Rhino Mud Cleaner by KOSUN on display
    Black Rhino Mud Cleaner by KOSUN on Display

    As the latest fruit of Xi’an KOSUN Machinery Co., Ltd., the Black Rhino Mud Cleaner on display is a bold innovation on the original after being further enhanced in function and adjusted in material selection, processing technology and model design, and is imparted more durability as well as better performance. The unique appearance design, distinctive color selection and eye-catching logo design appealed to many participants coming for inquiries, which were given detailed and satisfactory answers by the professional technicians and business personnel. After the communications, many companies have expressed their strong interest and purchase intention.

    Logo Design of KOSUN Black Rhino Portfolio
    Logo Design of KOSUN Black Rhino Portfolio

    KOSUN is a leader in China’s solids control industry and expert in drilling waste management. KOSUN is capable of providing customers with such four series as oil & gas drilling solids control equipment, centrifuges, drilling waste treatment equipment and drilling security equipment, including 25 categories of products, and can also customize packaged design and matching products of oil & gas drilling rigs for drilling contractors. The products provided by KOSUN are extensively used in oil & gas drilling and workover, coalbed methane drilling, shale gas drilling, water well, geothermal well drilling, trenchless horizontal directional crossing projects, mine gravel staged treatment, tailings treatment, rive dredging works, municipal environment-friendly sewage treatment, industrial wastewater treatment, fruit juice purification, waste oil recovery and purification treatment, etc.

    KOSUN Solids Control Equipment, Inc welcomes your visit.
    Xi’an KOSUN Machinery Co., Ltd. Welcomes Your Visit

    “Houston”, the host city for OTC, is the state capital of Texas and the center of the largest global petroleum processing, petrochemistry as well as basic chemical industry, renowned as the “World Petroleum Capital” or the “World Energy Capital”. Its distinctive geographical advantages make it a unique business exchange stage for all the OTC companies and participants. Up till now, it has embraced 2,700 exhibitors and tens of thousands of professionals in the industry.

     

  • Comparison Analysis of Desilters Performances at Home and Abroad

    READ: Recent years have seen progressive roll-out and application of China’s mud purification system in different drillings, leapfrog development/great strides in manufacture techniques and theoretical researches, especially the latter one, but still some distance to parallel the other countries in performance and lifespan.

    China’s Desilter Performance

    Recent years have seen progressive roll-out and application of China’s mud purification system in different drillings, leapfrog development/great strides in manufacture techniques and theoretical researches, especially the latter one extending to shale shaker’s structural principle, desilter’s structural principle, etc, which have gone near to or reached the world’s frontier, but still some distance to parallel the other countries in performance and lifespan. The common set in China referring to double shale shaker and a single desander rarely with another desilter, produced less than ideal and under-exploited mud performance, reduced efficiency and wasted the mud. Then desilter was gradually developed.

    Other Countries’ Desilter Performance

    It is well represented by U.S. Baroid, Brandt, Sweco and so on because of their first-tier quality, function and higher standardization, serialization as well as customization. Their latest upgrading transformations in the design are mainly reflected on the driving mode of fine-mesh high-frequency shale shaker, tensioning mode of screens, cross-section shape of cyclone’s inlet passage, materials for upper, lower cones and lining, etc, and have been widely applied for better purification and stabler performance.

    At present, it is essential to equip every deep-water mud purification system with desilter and it is imminent to conduct more R&Ds of the vital part face with year-on-year increase of drilling rigs in China.

     

  • How to Keep Mud Properties within Design Scope

    READ: Drilling operations need certain amount of agents whose available content and ratio, especially that of anti-sloughing agents, should be well preserved, and adequate anti-high-temperature materials to avoid high temperature thickening or thinning and other agent failures.

    Drilling operations need certain amount of agents whose available content and ratio, especially that of anti-sloughing agents, should be well preserved, and adequate anti-high-temperature materials to avoid high temperature thickening or thinning and other agent failures, as well as larger amount of lubricating materials to keep frictional resistance within limits and to impart property characteristics needed for drilling fields.

    Proper mud density is of high necessity since only it can well control formation pressures, maintain well bore stability and ensure successful electrical logging.

    Notably, we can get our first crack at strict control of mud properties within limits rather than substantial adjustments and formation of fine, thin but strong cake rather instead of thick but fragile one by following the steps below:

    1. Drill by low plastic viscosity, large yield point and yield point & plastic viscosity ratio well beyond 0.5mPa.s.

    2. Make short trips, especially at the lower wall of slant hole interval, to not form cuttings bed.

    3. Remove harmful solids from drilling fluids by quality mud purification equipment.

    4. Maintain well bore stability with proper amount of asphalt additives.

    Drilling operations demand high rheology and thixotropy in the mud. Guantao Formation is drilled with mud of standard shear viscosity rather than low shear viscosity and with well borehole cleaning.

     

  • Several Vital Cyclone Adjustment Know-hows

    READ: As the indispensable part of desander for separating solids, cyclones in different specifications work against different diameters and for different cleannesses. Besides, separation capacity is closely related with cyclone diameter since larger diameter is aimed at larger particles while smaller one contends with smaller particles.

    As the indispensable part of desander for separating solids, cyclones in different specifications work against different diameters and for different cleannesses. Besides, separation capacity is closely related with cyclone diameter since larger diameter is aimed at larger particles while smaller one contends with smaller particles.

    I. Installation & Maintenance:

    1. Desander ought to be installed on a well-prepared, flat foundation or merely on the ground. Then three expansion bolts are adequate to keep the base stable on the foundation built with concrete, which has a round or square surface and is 150mm high.

    2. Take notice of the pipelines and flow directions in the installation.

    3. Surface configuration of mud tanks ought to include some space for operators. Though no maintenance is necessary for desander when it has no mobile parts, it is important to maintain a stable load at the inlet and proper force towards the drain valve, and to keep it from human damage.

    II. Matters Needing Attention in Adjustment:

    1. It is not allowed to decommission the desander out of personal will.

    2. It is proper to install the desander behind the untra-deepwater pump.

    3. The system may automatically pause periodically or seasonally. Before that happens, certain amount of corrosion inhibitors or excessive high water level protection can be applied to reduce corrosion and protect system.

     

  • Summary of Mud’s Composition and Resultant Functions

    READ: Drilling fluids, the circulating fluid for drilling operations, is a mixture of the fluid, the solid and chemical agents. It is usually known as the “mud” or the “blood of drilling” deriving from its distinctive significance.

    Drilling fluids, the circulating fluid for drilling operations, is a mixture of the fluid, the solid and chemical agents. It is usually known as the “mud” or the “blood of drilling” deriving from its distinctive significance.

    The solid in mud primarily includes concocting clay, weighting materials, drill cuttings and other solid substances. In terms of sources, it then comprises concocting clay, debris, weighting materials, solids from agents, etc.

    Besides, different types of action of solids and ions in water can further categorize low-density solids into active and inert ones.

    Active solids: Active solids tends to hydrate or react with other solids in the mud, They have higher surfactivity, larger specific surface area and more active electrochemical properties. And usually a closer unity exists between clays, clay and ions, clay and polymers. Active solids are also known as useful solids for their roles in mud property adjustment.

    Inert solids: Inert solids refer to such inactive solids without any surface charge or possibility of electrochemical reaction as sands, flints, limestones, dolomites, some shales and various mineral mixtures. When they integrate, they can improve the mud properties by compressing active solids and increasing the viscosity, However, Inert solids are usually of no use, which another name“useless solids”derives from, and are corrosive to circulating equipment when the diameters are beyond 15μm, thus they are also known as harmful solids.

    Rock cuttings, the major harmful solids in mud, can exert great influence on the mud properties as they add to the density, viscosity, yield point, water loss, abrasiveness, treacliness and flow resistance, and can trigger various bore hole complications like damage of formations, reduction of drilling velocity, increase of table torque, resistance of each trip, sticking drilling, leakage, blowout, etc.

     

  • Four Major Functions of Filtrate Reducer

    READ: Pressure gradients naturally genders fluid loss through the walls from the drilling mud as drilling processes, subsequently developing into borehole collapse and drilling-related accidents. Thus, filtrate reducer plays a significant role in maintaining relatively low fluid loss, one of the essential properties of the mud.

    Pressure gradients naturally genders fluids loss through the walls from the drilling mud as drilling processes. Excessive fluid loss can impact many aspects of drilling operations:

    1. Shale formation can expand and collapse and the wall be less stabilized.

    2. Fluid penetration can expand the clay, blocking the oil and gas channel and damaging the formation.

    3. Larger fluid loss thickens the filter cake, narrows the borehole diameter, increases the torque of drilling rig, hinders “going in”, weakens cementing quality, etc.

    The above can subsequently develop into borehole collapse and drilling-related accidents.

    I. It works as a protective colloid.

    Filter cake of low permeability involves proper size distribution of clay particle diameter and more fine particle content in drilling mud. Then,

    1. Filtrate reducer can form an adsorbed layer covering the clay particle and stop it from flocculation.

    2. Filtrate reducer can stabilize the particles agitated in circulating system and prevent formation of bigger particles. Thus, larger proportion of fine particles will produce finer filter cakes.

    II. It increases fluid density and shrinks fluid loss.

    Generally, fluid loss is reversely proportional to fluid viscosity to the power of 0.5. Organic filtrate reducer can bring the viscosity up and fluid loss down.

    III. It deepens the hydration of bentonite particles in drilling mud.

    In this way, it can lower the fluid loss. When it attaches itself on the clay particles, they are more hydrated and their hydrated shell thickened. Besides, the filter cake thereof is more prone to deformation at high pressure and thus made less permeable.

    IV. Its molecules are able to block the holes.

    Organic high-molecule filtrate reducer, smaller than colloidal particles, can, on one hand, well fit molecular chains into filter cake’s cracks, and on the other hand, block micro holes with curled long molecular chains, creating thin and fine cake to reduce the loss.

     

  • 33 MBA Students from University of Texas Visit KOSUN for Study

    On the afternoon of April 18th, 2014, 33 MBA students from University of Texas paid a visit to KOSUN’s Jingwei Solids Control Equipment Factory, where they made a field trip to the workshops with their topics and asked questions with great interest.

    On the afternoon of April 18th, 2014, 33 MBA students from University of Texas paid a visit to KOSUN’s Jingwei Solids Control Equipment Factory, where they made a field trip to the workshops with their topics and asked questions with great interest.

    The American students were given a full demonstration of KOSUN’s overall strength and a fresh angle to look at China’s private enterprises in the exchange activity. Meanwhile, KOSUN also acquired a better understanding of the American market and laid the foundation for massively developing the North American market in future.

    Group Photo of Visiting Students and KOSUN Leadership
    Group Photo of Visiting Students and KOSUN Leadership
     
    A staff member is making a brief introduction to KOSUN for the visiting students.
    A staff member is making a brief introduction to KOSUN for the visiting students.
     
    Students are discussing issues of common concern.
    Students are discussing issues of common concern.
     
    Students are discussing issues of common concern.
    Students are discussing issues of common concern.
     
    Students are enjoying buffet during the break.
    Students are enjoying buffet during the break.
     
    Students are enjoying buffet during the break.
    Students are enjoying buffet during the break.
     
    Students are talking with the reception personnel during the break.
    Students are talking with the reception personnel during the break.
     
    Students are talking with the reception personnel during the break.
    Students are talking with the reception personnel during the break.
     
    Students are visiting the workshops.
    Students are visiting the workshops.
     
    Students are visiting the workshops in Jingwei Solids Control Equipment Factory.
    Students are visiting the workshops in Jingwei Solids Control Equipment Factory.

     

  • Solutions for Four Common Underflow Problems of Cyclone

    When cyclone works, high-speed swirling movement generates the air column and low-pressure area, creating suction towards underflow outlet. Inject some water into cyclone by certain pressure and adjust the outlet till it allows no fluid flow, meaning it reaches the balance point. This cyclone is called balanced cyclone, often found in mud cleaners where solid-content fluids enters and solids leave through underflow outlet.

    However, some problems may arise adjusting the underflow outlet:

    1. “Dry Underflow”: Relatively smaller outlet can pile a layer of dry silt between it and the balanced point. When ultra-fine solids enter, its water goes through the layer and dewatered solids block the outlet, causing dry plug. And this is called “dry underflow” adjustment.

    2. “Wet Underflow”: Relatively larger underflow outlet can discharge conical rotating liquid. And this is called “wet underflow”.

    3. “Radial” Discharge: Commonly, two flows move mutually reversely at the apex, one is the air inhaled and another the solid-content slurry discharging radially, forming an annular curtain there. Inhaled air keeps the outlet open and the cyclone efficient.

    4. “Rope-like Discharge”: When the solid content excessively exceeds the designed capacity, the cyclone is over-loaded and solids flow out outlet in a rope-like shape, making no air or annular curtain but a nozzle possible. Then, some solid phase within limits will turn around and out from vortex finder.

     

  • KOSUN Will Attend OTC 2014

    Xi’an KOSUN Machinery Co., Ltd. would like to extend its warm welcome to all the customers to visit it on its stand No. 7535 at the world’s foremost event in oil & gas industry—Offshore Technology Conference, lasting from 6th to 9th May, 2014 in Houston, USA.

    The 44th Offshore Technology Conference was sponsored by American Petroleum Institute. Founded in 1969 and presently located in Houston, it is now the world’s largest annual oil & gas conference. With numerous oil drilling machine suppliers attracted, OTC has been recognized a weather vane for oil & gas machine industry, embracing major customers from oil-rich Mid-east, North America, CIS, Africa, Asia-Pacific Region, Europe, etc. every year.

    This time, KOSUN is to present itself at OTC with its equipment including the Mud Cleaner. Based in Xi’an China, Xi’an KOSUN Machinery Co., Ltd. is the world-renowned oil drilling solids control equipment supplier and integrated oil & gas drilling waste treatment service provider. KOSUN is capable of providing customers with such four series as oil & gas drilling solids control equipment, centrifuges, drilling waste treatment equipment and drilling security equipment, including 25 categories of products, widely used in 13 fields as oil & gas drilling and workover, coal bed methane drilling, shale gas drilling, geothermal well drilling, trenchless horizontal directional crossing projects, mine gravel staged treatment, etc., and can also customize packaged design and matching products of oil & gas drilling rigs.

    So far, KOSUN has been certified by CE, API, ISO14001 Environmental Management System and OHSAS18001 Occupation Health Safety Management System from France’s Baer International Certification Center. Its products have woven a wide sales network in All-Russian Region, East and South Asia, Middle East and North Africa, America, Europe, Australia, etc.