KOSUN

分类： Industry Update

KOSUN exclusively manufacture solids control system,drilling mud solids control equipment,Oilfiled Solids Control,oil and gas drilling waste managemen

  • Sludge Treatment and Disposal Need Technical Innovation

    As part of the local government lack of understanding of the sludge hazards, many economically backward areas sludge treatment compensation costs are very low, only sludge transport costs, no sludge harmless treatment and disposal costs.

    China has large amount of sludge in the city,and the quality is poor, although some companies have mastered the sludge treatment and disposal theory and technology. However, it is still impossible to effectively solve the current difficulties facing the sludge disposal. Therefore, the sludge treatment and disposal need to be technological innovation, the formation of China's sludge green low-carbon security theory system and a systematic solution.


    Sludge Treatment equipment

    At present, the sludge treatment large equipment research is not enough, foreign equipments are poor stability and high failure rate. Sludge treatment and disposal faced with lack of assessment and verification, sludge stabilization and safety treatment of convergence, sludge treatment and disposal standards, policy support and other support system has not yet formed as well as advanced technology and breakthrough frontier Technical research also need to further expand and enhance.

    Sludge treatment and disposal need urgently scientific and technological innovation to form China's green and low-carbon sludge theoretical system and systematic solution. In the treatment of sludge disposal, because the technical aspects are not perfect, caused the sludge treatment and disposal is difficult to form the industrialization. However, with the encouragement and support of national policies and scientific research institutions of ecological protection-related technology research and development, sludge disposal and resource utilization technology will continue to show up. (Editor:Kosun Lily.Wang)

  • Current Situation and Prospect of Sludge Treatment

    Sludge is a nonhomogeneous body composed of organic fragments, bacteria, inorganic particles and colloids. With the attention during "十二五" period  to the sewage treatment, China's main sewage treatment market is basically completed. In the "十三五" plan, China will further promote the sewage treatment market to improve the efficiency of sewage disposal and industry average technical level.


    Slurry Separation Unit

    As a derivative of sewage, sludge production is also rising in recent years. It is estimated that municipal sludge about 10,000 tons of sewage generated 50,000-80,000 tons of sludge. It is estimated that by the year 2020, China's municipal sludge production will reach 60,000 tons -90,000 tons.

    On the contrary, the effective treatment of sludge in China is low. A large number of sewage treatment companies take a direct dumping or simple landfill disposal means to deal with sludge, not only threaten the soil environment and the health of residents also cause resources waste. With the increase in sewage treatment capacity, sludge production will continue to rise in the next few years.

    The current domestic sludge market is in its infancy.Last year, "十三五" plan pointed out that the next few years the target is still the atmosphere, water pollution control. "十三五" goal will pay more attention to building a resource-saving society and the overall improvement of the ecological environment. Atmosphere, sewage, sludge treatment is the future of the three main environmental protection direction.

    In 2015, China has promulgated a series of national policies and industry standards.With the policy of good and high growth factors driven, the sludge disposal industry is expected to break through the bottleneck, into the fast lane. In addition, taking into account the possibility of secondary pollution of sludge and environmental protection pressure, China's sludge market has a huge space for development.(Editor:Kosun Lily.Wang)

  • Treatment Methods of Harmful Solids in Drilling Fluid

    Drilling fluid is the circulating fluid used in drilling process, a mixture of liquid, solid and chemical agents. It is commonly known as mud and also called the blood of drilling, playing an important role in the whole drilling process and accounting for 7%~10% of total drilling cost. That’s why treatment of harmful solids and effective recycling seem so particularly important. Initially, it is necessary to look into composition characteristics of solids in drilling fluid and its influence on well drilling, so as to remove harmful solids economically and effectively for further recycling. Solids generated in drilling process mainly include mixing clay, weighting substance, cuttings and other solid substance. They are divided into clay, cuttings, weighting substance and solid substance in treating agent according to their sources in drilling fluid.According to the modes of action of them and their ions in water, low density solids further fall into active solids and inert solids.

    Active solids are easily hydrated and can react with other substances in liquid. This kind of solids has high surface activity and specific surface area with relatively active electrochemical property. Clay particles in mud, clay and ions and clay and polymer are closely bonded. Function of these solids is to regulate drilling fluid properties and they are called useful solids. Without surface charge and electrochemical reaction, inert solids do not react to the change of surroundings, including sand, flint, limestone, dolomite, some shale and a mixture of various minerals. They accumulate together, compressing active solids and coagulate them, which increases viscosity and causes change in drilling fluid properties. These solids are useless in drilling fluid and are called useless solids. When particle size of such solids is over 15μm, they abrade the circulating equipment and are thus called harmful solids. Cuttings are major harmful solids in drilling fluid and affect physical properties of drilling fluid during the whole drilling process, increasing density, viscosity, yield point, water loss, mud cake, abrasiveness, glutinousness and flow resistance of drilling fluid. During drilling process, cuttings may even damage oil and gas reservoirs, reduce ROP, increase rotary table torque and cause blockage during tripping, even resulting in lost circulation, blowout and other complex downhole problems. Besides, cuttings in drilling fluid seriously abrade the circulating system.

    The key point for achieving drilling fluid recycling is to effectively treat the harmful solids contained within. Solids control system can effectively achieve such a goal. In the system, shale shaker can remove harmful solids with diameter ≥74μm, desander can remove those with diameter of 44~74μm, desilter can remove those with diameter of 15~44μm (high efficiency cleaner is a kind of equipment integrating both desander and desilter and can remove harmful solids of 15~74μm) and centrifuge can remove those with diameter ≥2μm. Mud density may not be too high during normal operation to reach its performance requirements, so the density must be reduced to a proper value, and solids with diameter less than 15μm need to be treated by centrifuge. If barite is required to be recycled while treating harmful solids, a high speed centrifuge is necessary.

    Thus it can be seen that drilling fluid can be recycled through the above sequential treatment by solids control system, which greatly saves drilling cost and enhances drilling profit. Xi’an KOSUN Machinery, Co., Ltd. has been dedicated to research and design of solids control system and equipment since 1992. KOSUN has possessed fairly mature technical system through over 20 years of experience and is capable of designing reasonable and effective solids control system solutions according to customers’ requirements. KOSUN solids control equipment (shale shaker, vacuum degasser, desander, desilter, high efficiency cleaner, centrifuge, etc.) and solids control system sell well on domestic and foreign markets.

     

     

  • Brief Talk about Recent Economic Situation in Russia

    Russian Ruble has sharply depreciated due to joint sanction by Europe and America. Will the depreciation lead to economic collapse in Russia on earth, thus affecting foreign trade orders in oil solids control industry?
     
    Market specialists from KOSUN Office in Russia believe that Russian economy will enter a recession instead of disastrous collapse. Compared with the economic crisis in 1998, influence of Ruble depreciation this time is not so terrible. 
     
    Trend Chart of USDRUB Exchange Rate from January to May, 2015
    Trend Chart of USDRUB Exchange Rate from January to May, 2015
    Chart source: yahoo.com
     
    In 1998, chain influences directly impacted Russian economy under the aftermath of Asian financial crisis. Comparatively speaking, Ruble depreciation this time is not due to these environmental factors. Foreign exchange reserve of Russia in 1998 was only USD 140 billion and now it is around USD 450 billion. Russia is far stronger in strength than those days. 
     
    Taking prices of daily necessities in supermarkets as an example, although the prices become higher than before, the rises are not in proportion with Ruble depreciation. Currently, Russia is facing an unemployment wave and most employees are requiring higher wages due to rising prices. However, for enterprises, foreign trade orders settled in USD are confronted with huge economic pressure owing to Ruble depreciation, and layoffs seem to be the only way out. A high unemployment rate increases unstable social factors and the government is endeavoring to control rising prices. Meanwhile, prices in real estate, auto and other industries rise slightly. 
     
    Russian government held an Industrial Accessories Exhibition at Moscow International Exhibition Hall from February 17 to 19. As a leading industry in industrial circle, oil equipment manufacturing still presented driving vitality at the exhibition. The hall was packed with exhibitors enrolled for the exhibition, which fully demonstrated Russian enterprises’ support to President Vladimir Putin and their confidence for an economic upturn in 2015. 

  • Go Deep into the Trend in Solids Control Equipment Improvement

    READ: It is well known everywhere that complete solids control equipment is an important demonstration of scientific drilling. The continuous enhancement within almost a decade remarkably brings about better drilling techniques, less maintenance on circulating system, faster drilling velocity and lower costs.

    It is well known everywhere that complete solids control equipment is an important demonstration of scientific drilling. The continuous enhancement within almost a decade remarkably brings about better drilling techniques, less maintenance on circulating system, faster drilling velocity and lower costs.

    Prior to 1970s, extremely primitive shale shaker took most work in oil drilling industry, but its separation diameter merely reached 400 μm in the best scenario and solid particles went back to circulating system again. Later on, the situation was progressively improved by the invention of ultra-fine mesh shale shaker, desander, desilter, drilling fluids decanter centrifuge, vacuum degasser, mud agitator, concocting devices as well as matching mud tanks, electrical control cabinet and so on, with total weight beyond 5 tons, aggregate power consumption close to 300kW, solid content controlled below 5% and mud’s low density properties available to adjust when needed.

    No doubt, these improvements transformed the oil drilling industry, but elevated drilling crew’s workload of in-situ repairing, keep-up, operation as well as energy consumption. Therefore, it has become a common concern for worldwide experts to get simpler equipment, less energy consumption and better reliability when making every attempt to weaken the system performance as little as possible.

    Recent developmental demands indicate it has been a trend to get simpler equipment, less energy consumption and better reliability, for which we project to work it out from two aspects: In the long run, we need study the practicality of an one-step method, though with awesome challenges but of adventurous nature. However, things usually develop from junior to senior, from simpler to more complex forms, which is the same with solids control equipment whose better efficiency and lower cost are mainly directed at by solids control scientific research. In the short run, we should develop multi-screen system with larger capacity, more stability and better separation, and work for less desander start-up time or even application, Xi’an KOSUN Machinery Co., Ltd., as the leading pioneer in China’s solids control system, will be devoting to continuous innovations and contribution to the oil drilling industry.

     

  • Causes and Solutions of Mud-related Pollutions

    READ: In drilling operations, drilling fluids are prone to be deteriorated by pollutions of H2S, plaster, brine, CO2, etc., exposing drilling safety to great risks and elevating the costs. As the mud attributes to successful drilling operations, environmental problems should be emphasized. Now, let’s discuss about causes and solutions of mud-related pollutions.

    In drilling operations, drilling fluids are prone to be deteriorated by pollutions of H2S, plaster, brine, CO2, etc., exposing drilling safety to great risks and elevating the costs. As the mud attributes to successful drilling operations, environmental problems should be emphasized. Now, let’s discuss about causes and solutions of mud-related pollutions.

    I. How does the mud pollute?

    1. On one hand, its difficult organic chemicals will form an insulating layer to prevent water penetration into soil and plants. On the other hand, the other organic chemicals will poison the plants in water.

    2. Its engine oil and diesel content are critically harmful to the soil, plants and water.

    3. Its salt and exchangeable sodium ions will crust the soil, complicate water penetration into the soil, do harm to the plants and immensely affect the ground water.

    4. Its rock cuttings will also harm the soil, plants, ground water and aquatic life, more or less.

    II. How should we lessen or even eliminate the pollution surrounding drilling field?

    1. Add setting liquid into finishing drilling fluids since the solidified fluids is environmentally conscious.

    2. Apply non-solids drilling fluids as much as is practical in order to readily carry the rock cuttings, to free of changing the fluids and to recycle the drilling fluids.

    3. Use quality fluids to settle as much rock cuttings as possible for better getting rid of rock cuttings.

    4. Install a desilter if possible to soften the solid content and extend the mud’s life cycle.

    5. Drill into the surface of the soil with the upper well drilling fluids.

    6. Bury the rock cuttings in a large hole and seal with plastic film.

    7. If possible, reduce or even stop adding the inorganic salt, especially the sodium salt or less biodegradable high-molecule chemicals.

     

  • Comparison Analysis of Desilters Performances at Home and Abroad

    READ: Recent years have seen progressive roll-out and application of China’s mud purification system in different drillings, leapfrog development/great strides in manufacture techniques and theoretical researches, especially the latter one, but still some distance to parallel the other countries in performance and lifespan.

    China’s Desilter Performance

    Recent years have seen progressive roll-out and application of China’s mud purification system in different drillings, leapfrog development/great strides in manufacture techniques and theoretical researches, especially the latter one extending to shale shaker’s structural principle, desilter’s structural principle, etc, which have gone near to or reached the world’s frontier, but still some distance to parallel the other countries in performance and lifespan. The common set in China referring to double shale shaker and a single desander rarely with another desilter, produced less than ideal and under-exploited mud performance, reduced efficiency and wasted the mud. Then desilter was gradually developed.

    Other Countries’ Desilter Performance

    It is well represented by U.S. Baroid, Brandt, Sweco and so on because of their first-tier quality, function and higher standardization, serialization as well as customization. Their latest upgrading transformations in the design are mainly reflected on the driving mode of fine-mesh high-frequency shale shaker, tensioning mode of screens, cross-section shape of cyclone’s inlet passage, materials for upper, lower cones and lining, etc, and have been widely applied for better purification and stabler performance.

    At present, it is essential to equip every deep-water mud purification system with desilter and it is imminent to conduct more R&Ds of the vital part face with year-on-year increase of drilling rigs in China.

     

  • How to Keep Mud Properties within Design Scope

    READ: Drilling operations need certain amount of agents whose available content and ratio, especially that of anti-sloughing agents, should be well preserved, and adequate anti-high-temperature materials to avoid high temperature thickening or thinning and other agent failures.

    Drilling operations need certain amount of agents whose available content and ratio, especially that of anti-sloughing agents, should be well preserved, and adequate anti-high-temperature materials to avoid high temperature thickening or thinning and other agent failures, as well as larger amount of lubricating materials to keep frictional resistance within limits and to impart property characteristics needed for drilling fields.

    Proper mud density is of high necessity since only it can well control formation pressures, maintain well bore stability and ensure successful electrical logging.

    Notably, we can get our first crack at strict control of mud properties within limits rather than substantial adjustments and formation of fine, thin but strong cake rather instead of thick but fragile one by following the steps below:

    1. Drill by low plastic viscosity, large yield point and yield point & plastic viscosity ratio well beyond 0.5mPa.s.

    2. Make short trips, especially at the lower wall of slant hole interval, to not form cuttings bed.

    3. Remove harmful solids from drilling fluids by quality mud purification equipment.

    4. Maintain well bore stability with proper amount of asphalt additives.

    Drilling operations demand high rheology and thixotropy in the mud. Guantao Formation is drilled with mud of standard shear viscosity rather than low shear viscosity and with well borehole cleaning.

     

  • Several Vital Cyclone Adjustment Know-hows

    READ: As the indispensable part of desander for separating solids, cyclones in different specifications work against different diameters and for different cleannesses. Besides, separation capacity is closely related with cyclone diameter since larger diameter is aimed at larger particles while smaller one contends with smaller particles.

    As the indispensable part of desander for separating solids, cyclones in different specifications work against different diameters and for different cleannesses. Besides, separation capacity is closely related with cyclone diameter since larger diameter is aimed at larger particles while smaller one contends with smaller particles.

    I. Installation & Maintenance:

    1. Desander ought to be installed on a well-prepared, flat foundation or merely on the ground. Then three expansion bolts are adequate to keep the base stable on the foundation built with concrete, which has a round or square surface and is 150mm high.

    2. Take notice of the pipelines and flow directions in the installation.

    3. Surface configuration of mud tanks ought to include some space for operators. Though no maintenance is necessary for desander when it has no mobile parts, it is important to maintain a stable load at the inlet and proper force towards the drain valve, and to keep it from human damage.

    II. Matters Needing Attention in Adjustment:

    1. It is not allowed to decommission the desander out of personal will.

    2. It is proper to install the desander behind the untra-deepwater pump.

    3. The system may automatically pause periodically or seasonally. Before that happens, certain amount of corrosion inhibitors or excessive high water level protection can be applied to reduce corrosion and protect system.

     

  • Summary of Mud’s Composition and Resultant Functions

    READ: Drilling fluids, the circulating fluid for drilling operations, is a mixture of the fluid, the solid and chemical agents. It is usually known as the “mud” or the “blood of drilling” deriving from its distinctive significance.

    Drilling fluids, the circulating fluid for drilling operations, is a mixture of the fluid, the solid and chemical agents. It is usually known as the “mud” or the “blood of drilling” deriving from its distinctive significance.

    The solid in mud primarily includes concocting clay, weighting materials, drill cuttings and other solid substances. In terms of sources, it then comprises concocting clay, debris, weighting materials, solids from agents, etc.

    Besides, different types of action of solids and ions in water can further categorize low-density solids into active and inert ones.

    Active solids: Active solids tends to hydrate or react with other solids in the mud, They have higher surfactivity, larger specific surface area and more active electrochemical properties. And usually a closer unity exists between clays, clay and ions, clay and polymers. Active solids are also known as useful solids for their roles in mud property adjustment.

    Inert solids: Inert solids refer to such inactive solids without any surface charge or possibility of electrochemical reaction as sands, flints, limestones, dolomites, some shales and various mineral mixtures. When they integrate, they can improve the mud properties by compressing active solids and increasing the viscosity, However, Inert solids are usually of no use, which another name“useless solids”derives from, and are corrosive to circulating equipment when the diameters are beyond 15μm, thus they are also known as harmful solids.

    Rock cuttings, the major harmful solids in mud, can exert great influence on the mud properties as they add to the density, viscosity, yield point, water loss, abrasiveness, treacliness and flow resistance, and can trigger various bore hole complications like damage of formations, reduction of drilling velocity, increase of table torque, resistance of each trip, sticking drilling, leakage, blowout, etc.