KOSUN

分类： Industry Update

KOSUN exclusively manufacture solids control system,drilling mud solids control equipment,Oilfiled Solids Control,oil and gas drilling waste managemen

  • Development history of water-based drilling fluids in China’s oil drilling industry

    During the period of 1920s~1960s, water-based drilling fluid was used. At that time, water-based drilling fluid was rather simple and the main type in this stage was dispersed water-based drilling fluid.

    (1) From 1921 to 1922, barite and iron oxide powder were used as weighting materials.
    (2) In 1926, bentonite was used as suspending agent.
    (3) In 1930, sodium tannate, the earliest mud treatment agent, was developed.
    (4) From 1931 to 1937, various mud measuring instruments were developed and the requirements on mud performance control were put forward.
    (5) From 1944 to 1945, Na-CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) was applied as filtrate reducer in drilling fluid.
    (6) In 1955, FCLS (ferric chrome lignin sulfonate) was applied as thinner in drilling fluid.
    (7) Since the 1960s, a coarse dispersed water-based mud system, such as lime drilling fluid, gypsum drilling fluid, calcium chloride drilling fluid, etc., was widely used.

    Over the years, China always lays emphasis on the development of water-based drilling fluid, and water-based drilling fluid has been maturely applied in the Chinese market. So far, the water-based drilling fluid has dominated the market, mainly because its cost is low, its pollution to environment is little and its waste management cost is also low by landfilling or in other ways.

  • Current situation of drilling waste treatment and equipment development trend in foreign countries

    Now, all major oil countries consider the development of drilling waste treatment technologies quite significant, and have had a head start in relevant treatment devices and equipment. Countries like U.S., Canada, France, etc. adopt four-stage solids control equipment in collecting drill cuttings and sludge, and later solidify or transport the subsequent waste.

    Due to its complex composition, strong stability, various birthplaces and different quality of well drilling waste, one fixed device and process cannot work effectively to manage all waste waters from different oilfields. Besides, conventional devices and techniques highly rely on chemical agents and cost much to manage different wastewater featured with high suspension, high COD, high salt, high chromaticity, etc. Those play a determining role in diversity of waste treatment equipment. Presently, the equipment usually applied for drilling sites across the world include shale shaker, desander, desilter, centrifuge, cuttings recovery equipment, Huber’s screw extruder, cuttings reinjection equipment, etc. 

    In the future, waste treatment solution will be able to realize zero waste discharge to the ground, for which combination of physico-mechanical method and chemical method will be the development trend rather than incomplete solid-liquid separation by mere chemical agents. Other overseas treatment equipment, such as drilling waste management devices by Japan’s Telnite, skid-mounted closed-loop wastewater management devices by France’s PAU, УОВ wastewater treatment devices by Ukrain’s Oil Union Co., skid-mounted drilling wastewater from Venezuala, currently attaches great significance to the combined method, pulling all strength to improve earlier dewatering effects, sludge’s dewatering ability and auxiliary solidification equipment.

  • Temperature is an important control parameter in sewage treatment process.

    Temperature is an important control parameter for sewage plants, especially in the North. In response to changes in temperature, sewage plants should take the initiative to manage operations rather than passively make adjustments. Only by understanding the laws of nature and the microbial habits, can we better utilize the characteristics of activated sludge, so that the sewage treatment can reach the standard under the environmental conditions as temperature changes.


     
    Sewage treatment relies heavily on the activities of microorganisms. When the water temperature rises by 10 degrees Celsius, the microbial activity will double. When the influent temperature is high and the microbial activity is doubled, the degradation ability of the microorganisms increases after the microbial activity increases. When the degradation ability increases, the oxygen is absorbed more quickly in the aeration tank at a higher temperature in summer. So, it is necessary to supply air to the aeration tank at a higher rate and with a larger volume. At temperatures in summer, organic matter in the water will degrade faster and the regeneration rate of activated sludge will increase. Therefore, in summer, it is necessary to increase sludge discharge and slow down the aging of activated sludge.


     
    In winter, the activity of microorganism decreases, resulting in a decrease in oxygen consumption in biological reactions, and it is unnecessary to supply air quickly. However, due to the slowdown of microbial activity, organic pollutants in the influent take longer to degrade, so it takes longer to process in the colder months. In practical applications, if there are reserved spaces, more treatment structures can be used in winter to extend the residence time to compensate for the effects of reduced activity.

  • Treatment effects of dual-deck linear shale shaker and mud circulation process in HDD projects

    KOSUN double-deck linear shale shaker can achieve four treatment effects:
    1. Can be used as a two-stage shale shaker;
    2. The lower screen can be used as a shale shaker and the upper screen as an underflow shaker of desander;
    3. The lower screen can be used as a shale shaker and the upper screen as an underflow shaker of desilter;
     

    4. The lower screen can be used as an underflow shaker of desander and the upper screen as an underflow shaker of desilter.
    Thus, it can be used under various operating conditions for different treatment effects, which can achieve multiple functions, greatly reduce cost and save installation space.


     
    Recycling process: centrifugal pump transports mud from mud pit into logging tank of shale shaker. After being treated by coarse screen of shale shaker, large cuttings are eliminated and the treated mud flows into mud storage compartment of shale shaker beneath. Mud in mud storage compartment is pumped to desander through desander pump. The mud treated by desander overflows into mud storage compartment of desander and desilter pump transports the mud to desilter.


     
    The mud treated by desilter overflows into mud storage compartment of desilter and then is pumped by drilling mud pump into horizontal directional drilling system for recycling. To change mud density, viscosity and its other properties to meet mud performance requirements, required mud additives can be added via mixing device and mixed evenly for reuse. The prepared mud can be repeatedly pumped into HDD system by mud pump for recirculation.

  • What are the working principles and main features of KOSUN single screw pump?

    Screw Pump is an ideal pump used to feed drilling fluids to decanter centrifuge since drilling fluids is pushed to proceed along axial direction evenly. Therefore, the inner flow speed is kept low, volume unchanged and pressure stable so that vortex and agitation are prevented. Screw Pump is useful for wet mud drilling waste management and cuttings transportation.

    KOSUN single screw pump consists mainly of two parts engaged with each other like threads. The rotor is a rod-shaped part having an external thread, and the stator is a sleeve-like part having an internal thread. When the stator and the rotor are engaged with each other, a series of mutually non-intersecting sealed chambers are created which continuously advance from the suction end to the discharge end as the rotor rotates. KOSUN single-screw pump is a positive displacement pump that has the same displacement per revolution as a sealed chamber.

    Features of KOSUN single screw pump:

    1. Wide range of application. It can transport liquid with all kinds of viscosity and concentration, liquid containing gas, solid, suspended matter and non-flowing materials with certain liquid content.
    2. Stable flow pressure. The flow is a steady linear flow with no pulsations.
    3. The flow rate is proportional to the speed and can be used for chemicals filling and metering output.
    4. The pump has a certain self-priming ability.
    5. The pump has small shear and extrusion stress and is suitable for conveying sensitive medium.

  • Why is KOSUN DN series electronic ignition device favored by the market?

    The electronic ignition and combustion device, designed and manufactured by Xi’an KOSUN, is a kind of treatment facility for tail gas and vented natural gas in refinery plants and natural gas gathering & transportation stations. As safe and environmentally friendly equipment, it can ignite and burn vented harmful flammable gases to eliminate their hazards to environment and safety.


     
    Moreover, the ignition device can also be used along with drilling mud-gas separators in the area of petroleum drilling engineering. As a fairly matured product, it has been extensively applied in oil and gas fields in Xinjiang and Sichuan Provinces of China, Iran, Egypt, Venezuela, etc.
     

    The ignition device mainly consists of DN200 (or DN150) gas burner (torch), GDH-2 electronic igniter, igniting tools (including liquefied gas cylinder, hose, etc.) and drilling mud-gas separator (supporting equipment for drilling engineering), which adopts high-performance electronic ignition circuits, imported major components, and domestic high-quality accessories and cables, with stable performance and reliable operability.

  • China May Build the Third West-East Natural Gas Transmission Pipeline.

    According to a report, in order to meet the strong demand for natural gas in its vibrant eastern coastal region, China may build the third West-East Gas Pipeline.
     
    The report said that the third West-East Gas Pipeline will be laid from Xinjiang in western China, and terminal may be in Fujian Province in southeastern China. It will transport natural gas from Xinjiang to the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta with more energy consumption in China.
     

    A few days ago, an official from the planning department of China National Petroleum Corporation, a state-owned oil giant in China, said that CNPC would announce a preliminary plan for laying the third West-East Gas Pipeline early next year.
     
    The length of the project may be similar to that of a natural gas pipeline that CNPC started to build in February this year, with a total length of approximately 9,102km (5,650 miles). The pipeline, which will transport natural gas from Central Asian countries, including Turkmenistan, to Shanghai in eastern China and Guangdong in southern China, will require a total investment of CNY142.2 billion (USD20.8 billion). The pipeline designed to transport 30 billion cubic meters of natural gas every year, whose annual transmission capacity will likely increase to 40 billion cubic meters, is expected to be completed in 2021. As the prices of raw materials rise, the third West-East Gas Pipeline may be a more expensive natural gas pipeline.


     
    China’s first West-East Gas Pipeline was built and put into use in 2004. It was the largest energy project in China at the time, and its annual natural gas transmission capacity has now reached 12 billion cubic meters.

  • What is the process of reclaiming water reuse as a sewage treatment method?

    In order to meet the water discharge quality standard of the treated sewage, the reclaimed water reuse equipment is generally used to treat the sewage to meet the reclaimed water quality standard. The technological process of reclaimed water reuse can be commonly divided into three stages: pretreatment stage, main treatment stage and aftertreatment stage.


     
    1. Pretreatment stage: this stage mainly has two processing units, where one is a grid, and the other is a regulating pool, which are mainly used to effectively remove solid impurities in sewage and uniformly process the water quality.


     
    2. Main treatment stage: at this stage, the dissolved organic matter in the sewage will be effectively removed, so this stage is the most critical link.


     
    3. Aftertreatment stage: the main function of this stage is to disinfect the sewage. After this stage of treatment, the effluent can be guaranteed to reach the reclaimed water quality standard. This is an advanced treatment process.


     
    The technological process equipment of reclaimed water reuse has a very good effect on the treatment of sewage, and the wide application of the reclaimed water reuse process is of great significance for improving the environment.

  • KOSUN VD series vacuum degasser features in low price, high quality and good degassing effect.

    KOSUN VD series vacuum degasser is a new-type special equipment of treating gas-cut drilling fluid, which is developed by KOSUN on the basis of integrating a variety of degassers at home and abroad. It is applicable for supporting various mud purification systems, plays an important role in recovering the specific gravity of mud, stabilizing the viscosity performance of mud and reducing the drilling cost, and can also be used as a high-power agitator for air-free mud.

    KOSUN VD series degasser is a vacuum-type one, that is, by dint of the suction effect of vacuum pump, negative pressure is created in vacuum chamber, and under the effect of atmospheric pressure, the mud enters the hollow shaft of rotor via suction pipe and then sprays onto the chamber wall from the ejector ports in hollow shaft. For collision and separation wheels, the drilling fluid is separated into thin layers, the bubbles in mud break and the gas escapes. Through suction of vacuum pump and separation of gas-water separator, the gas is exhausted to a safe area via exhaust pipe of separator and the mud is drained out of the chamber by the impeller. Since the main motor first starts and the impeller rotates at a high speed, the mud enters the chamber only via the suction pipe, not via drain pipe.

    KOSUN VD series vacuum degasser has the following features and benefits:
    1. Vacuum pump plays such two different roles in the process as follows: mud enters the vacuum chamber by dint of suction of vacuum pump and gas is pumped out of the vacuum chamber by dint of vacuum pump.
    2. During the working process, the water-ring vacuum pump is always at a constant temperature, which is suitable for suctioning flammable and explosive gas and is reliable in safety performance.
    3. The mud sprays onto the interior wall at a high speed through ejector ports of rotor, the bubbles break thoroughly and the degassing effect is better.
    4. The main motor is offset and integral center o gravity is lowered.
    5. The belt drive avoids making the reducing mechanism complicated.
    7. The suction pipe submerges in the mud tank, so the degasser can be used as a high-power agitator for air-free mud.
    6. Water and gas will be not drained simultaneously due to the gas-water separator, and the exhaust pipe is always unblocked. Moreover, water can be recycled for vacuum pump.

  • What are the main functions and features of KOSUN LS screw conveyor?

    Screw conveyor is a kind of continuous conveying equipment by using screw rotation to push materials, which is suitable for transporting flour, grain, cement, chemical fertilizer, ash and slag, sand, pebble, coal dust, small-sized coal, etc. Due to its small effective flow area inside, screw conveyor is not suitable to convey perishable, strongly cohesive and easily-lumped materials.
     
    Screw conveyor can be horizontal or inclined (the tilt angle less than 20o for GX type and 15o for LS type). If the deflecting conveying is required, it will be specially customized. Its ambient temperature range is generally within -45oC~+40oC. Its ambient temperature range is generally within -45oC~+40oC, and its storage temperature is generally within -60oC~+50oC. LS screw conveyor is suitable for horizontal or slightly inclined layout, and it is best not to exceed 20o for the tilt angle. If having special requirements, a special design and manufacturing can be customized according to the site.


     
    U-shaped screw conveyor has a wide scope of application, which is suitable for various industries, such as building materials, chemical industry, power industry, metallurgy, coal, foodstuff industry and is used to convey powdery, granular, and small-lump materials, such as coal, ash, slag, grain, cement, and so on. It is suitably fixed for the horizontal or at a small tilt angle.


     
    U-shaped screw conveyor is not suitable to convey perishable, strongly cohesive and easily-lumped materials because these materials will be easily stuck onto the screw during conveying. Furthermore these adhesive materials will be rotated simultaneously with the screw or are jammed at the suspension bearing, which makes the screw conveyor not to work normally. Screw diameters have five specifications from 200mm to 500mm, with length from 2m to 70m. The model selection follows the standard nominal length, and special demands can be put forward separately.


     
    U-shaped screw conveyor has the following main features: (1) small volume and high speed guarantee rapid and uniform conveying; (2) with good rigidity and airtightness, ends are connected to the machine with flanges; (3) the discharge end is equipped with a cleaning device, the whole machine has a low noise and a strong adaptability, and the positions of feed and discharge ports can be flexibly arranged; (4) it has a large conveying weight, being safe and reliable; (5) well-adapted, convenient in installation and repair, and long in service life.