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  • Functions of Drilling Fluids Shale Shaker

    Functions of Solids Control Equipment-Shale Shaker

    Shale shaker is the first stage separation equipment for oilfield drilling mud cleaning system. It utilizes vibrating motor to generate vibrating strength. The vibrating strength drives the drilling mud to go through the shale shaker. When the drilling mud goes through the shaker screen, clean mud will filter into mud tank. Not allowable bigger solids will pass the screen surface and be discharged.

     

    What are functions of the drilling fluids shale shaker

    Types of Shale Shaker:

    1) Linear motion shale shaker. It is the most common shaker model for oil and gas drilling solids control system;

    2) Balanced elliptical motion shale shaker. It is not recommended for oil and gas drilling since the flow capacity is big. If the mud flow is not equal, the motion of shaker will be changed. And performance will not be good. Mostly, professional users prefer linear motion for wide application.

    Separation Size of Solids Control Equipment – Shale Shaker

    The separation size of shale shaker depends on shaker screen size. We call it API size or mesh size. The API defers from API 20 to API 325 per API RP13 standard.

    Through changing different API size shaker screen, the shale shaker can separate solids size min. above 40μm (at API 325 shaker screen)

    If you do not need to separate so fine solids, you can choose more fine shaker screen, like 800μm.

    The common screen API size for shale shaker is API60, API80, API100, API140, API160. Customer can choose the suitable size per drilling mud condition.

     

    functions of the drilling fluids shale shaker

    AWD Angle Adjustment System for KOSUN Shale Shaker

    KOSUN AWD angle adjustment system for shale shaker is a patented design. It is synchronized change for both sides. You can adjust from any side, the angle change is the same for both sides.

    KOSUN has options for AWD angle adjustment: Left side of the drilling shale shaker is a small motor for automatic control. And there is control for the small motor on shale shaker control panel. Right side of the shaker utilizes tools for angle adjustment. KOSUN will offer tools together with the shaker. Customer can choose any way to change the angle.

  • Choose Proper Solids Control System on Full Understanding of Oil-based Drilling Fluids

    READ: Oil-based drilling fluids is mainly composed of oil as the continuous phase. KOSUN produces complete set of solids control equipment and drilling fluids solids control system as well as such major products as drilling mud shale shaker, high-efficiency mud cleaner, degasser, decanter centrifuge.

    Oil-based drilling fluids is mainly composed of oil as the continuous phase. It has found wide application in various drilling platforms with its resistance against elevated temperature and calcium salt corrosion, strong sidewall stabilization, good lubricating effects and little damage of oil & gas formation. Water, as an unuseful composition, does not account for more than 10% in oil-based drilling fluids. However, it normally takes up 10%~60% in water-in-oil drilling fluids, as an essential part evenly dispersed in diesel.

    Constituents of Oil-based Drilling Fluids:

    Oil base, water phase, weighting materials, emulsifiers, wetting agents, oleophylic colloid and lime.

    1. In comparison, oil-based drilling fluids has a head start over water-based drilling fluids by its resistance against elevated temperature and calcium salt corrosion, strong sidewall stabilization, good lubricating effects, little damage of oil & gas formation, etc.

    2. It now plays significant role in skilled high-temperature deep well drilling, high-angle directional drilling, horizontal drilling and many other difficult formations, and has found wide application as borehole lubricants, perforated well completion fluids, workover fluids, coring fluids, etc.

    3. It costs more to prepare oil-based mud than water-based mud. Besides, it usually is more damaging to the ecological environment in vinicity of drilling fields.

    4. Since Mid 1970s, low-gel water-in-oil emulsifying drilling fluids has been used in a larger scale to accelerate drilling speed.

    5. Since early 1980s, for purposes of protecting environment and fulfilling offshore drilling needs, low-toxicity water-in-oil emulsifying driling mud which is mineral-oil-based has been progressively rolles out.

    KOSUN produces complete set of solids control equipment and drilling fluids solids control system as well as such major products as drilling mud shale shaker, high-efficiency mud cleaner, degasser, decanter centrifuge, desander, desilter, jet mud mixer, centrifugal pump, shear pump, slurry pump, mud agitator, mud gun, mud tank, etc., which are widely used in such industries as oil drilling, horizontal directional crossing, river dredge, trenchless engineering, etc.

     

  • KOSUN Wins Two Solids Control System of XJ750 Workover Rig

    After KOSUN won 2 sets of fully configured 70D Solids Control System from GWDC, KOSUN signed another contract of 750 Workover Rig Solids Control Equipment with national drilling contractor in Egypt. In doing so, KOSUN has further opened markets in North Africa, and also created a new international market pattern. 

    KOSUN Won Full Set of 750 Workover Rig Solid Control Equipment

    In June, 2012, the international drilling contractor from Egypt required full set of solids control equipment be delivered within one month. After receiving notification, KOSUN made every effort to meet the delivery requirements, keeping the pledge of "Customer First".

  • Why Do People Attach Increasing Importance on Solids Control Equipment?

    READ: The latest development of drilling technology increases its demands on the performance of drilling fluids. It has been proved that it takes a complete set of suitable solids control equipment to improve that via contolling the solid content in drilling fluids, which guarantees the good performance of drilling fluids for a long time.

    In terms of functions, drilling fluids can be categorized into such two groups as useful solids, which contain barite, chemical agents, bentonites, etc. and harmful solids, for instance, drill cuttings, coarse bentonites, silt, etc. Drilling solids control is defined as the technology used to fulfill the demands on the performance of drilling fluids by removing the harmful solids and keeping the useful solids.

    The latest development of drilling technology increases its demands on the performance of drilling fluids. It has been proved that it takes a complete set of suitable solids control equipment to improve that via contolling the solid content in drilling fluids, which guarantees the good performance of drilling fluids for a long time.

    All of the drilling operators wish to own premium drilling fluids since it can enhance drilling facilities and allow them to drill fast and safely. Mere chemical treatment cannot ensure a stable performance of drilling fluids, though at a considerable cost. It will also take effective mechanical treatment equipment to control its solids content ( in fact, water usually works together with mechanical treatment for better effects ). Thus, mechanical solids control is both an essential process in mud performance maintenance and a constituent of normal drilling technology.

    In drilling fluids, the solid particles exerting greatest influence on its performance and mechanical drilling speed are mostly more than 15μm in diameter. They account for 70% of all solid phase. It is popular pursuit that effective mechanical equipment can remove them at any time.

    It is an important measure to apply solids control equipment in optimization of well drilling. And it is necessary for scientific drilling to well control the solid content in the mud. Proper solids control can protect oil/gas bed, decrease drilling torque and friction, reduce the pressure wave of annulus pumping, prevent sticking caused by differential pressure, increase drilling speed, extend service life of drilling bit, minimize abrasion on equipment and tubes, prolong the lifespan of wear parts in drilling fluids circulating system, stabilize the boreholes, improve casing conditions, lessen environmental pollution, lower the expenses on drilling fluids, etc. Statistics show that 1% decrease of solid content ( that is, to reduce drilling fluids density by 0.01 ) in the mud will result in the increase in soft soil mechanical drilling by 8% or so. Accordingly, it will bring remarkable benefits if solids control is well performed.

    In a word, people become increasingly aware of the significance of solids control equipment since it has directly influenced the safe, excellent and efficient drilling as well as protection of oil/gas bed.

     

  • A Brief History of Drilling Fluids Solids Control

    Anyone having a broad familiarity with oil & gas drilling knows that drilling fluids is quite indispensable in oil drilling. It is mainly used to help the drilling of boreholes. There are three main categories of drilling fluids: water-based drilling fluids, oil-based drilling fluids and gaseous drilling fluids.

    Drilling fluids is truly functional in drilling industry since it is able to remove cuttings from wells, suspend and release cuttings, control formation pressures, seal permeable formations, maintain wellbore stability, cool, lubricate and support the bit and drilling assembly, minimize formation damage, etc.

    However, due to the precious materials used in drilling fluids, once it is deserted, it is fairly hard and expensive to produce and concoct another. What is more, drilling fluids is not automatically recyclable since the solid phase, cuttings and gases will penetrate and change its performance from many aspects, for example, the active clay included in cuttings will exert greater negative influence on its viscosity, thus causing difficulties in drilling and forming filter cake.

    Many oilfields and companies injected water or other chemical fluids to dilute drilling fluids for maintaining certain density and visocity. Later, mud bits were discovered as more effective and less costly. They were required for holding an excess volume of drilling mud at the surface, which allows time for settling of the finer rock cuttings and for the release of entrained gas bubbles not mechanically separated. With the development of scientific technology and raise of mud treatment standards worldwide, nowadays mud circulating system also includes various solids control equipment such as shale shaker, hydraulic cones, centrifuges, degassers and so on.

    This addition has largely improved mud treating effects, reduced the considerable cost on drilling fluids and borehole maintenance, and kept drilling workers and environment from fatal damages.

    Shale shaker is the first grade equipment for solids control system. It is quite useful for separation of solid phase above 75 μm in diameter. Then, it sends the mud into the next grade—desander for more delicate separation of solid phase between 45-74 μm in diameter. Treated mud will flow into desilter, the third grade equipment for further treatment where the 15-44 μm cuttings will be taken away. In the fourth grade, low-speed and high-speed centrifuge respectively remove tiny particles like barites and infinitesmal substances that is 2-5 μm in diameter. If the drilling mud is entrained by gases, degasser can be installed between shale shaker and desander.

    After drilling mud goes through all the processes, they can be very well recycled and re-applied in oil drilling.

     

    Key words:

    KOSUN: Established in 1992 and headquartered in Xi’an China, Xi’an KOSUN Machinery Co., Ltd. (KOSUN) is among the first group of manufacturers of oil drilling high-frequence shale shakers, is a specialized centrifuge producer, the pioneer in the field of solids control in China, as well as an expert in drilling waste treatment. Its business scope mainly covers China mainland, Commonwealth of Independent States, North Africa and U.S.A..

    Solids control equipment: Its performance and quality play an important role in solids control technology. Drilling solids control system mainly contains such three parts as drilling fluids circulating tank, drilling fluids purification equipment and electric control equipment, among which the drilling fluids purification equipment includes shale shaker, desander, desilter, degasser, centrifuge, centrifugal pump, agitator, mixer, etc. Cuttings recovery and waste fluids treatment equipment can also be coupled for the environmental sensitive areas.

     

  • The Houston OTC Oil Exhibition

    From May 1st to 4th, the 4-person sales team led by Mr. Geng Feng, the General Manager of KOSUN, attended OTC Oil Exhibition in Houston, United States. OTC ( Offshore Technology Conference ) is held every year in U.S., through which all the producers and buyers in oil equipment industry exchange views on the latest technology. KOSUN has been attending the exhibition for three years, and made several achievements as follows:

    1. Made worldwide self-promotion. Since the OTC is the world’s largest exhibition in oil drilling equipment, and the exhibitors came from all over the world, the industry learned about KOSUN in this exhibition.

    The Houston OTC Oil Exhibition

    2. Meeting and communicating face-to-face with many end users, we got to know more users and traders of solids control products, and customer resources were accumulated. During the exhibition, a famous American company concentrating on mud back technology came to KOSUN’s stand and expressed huge interest in KOSUN’s production. They promised to come to China and visit our factory, and made agreement with us after the exhibition. On the exhibition, the general manager of the Derrick came to meet Mr. Geng Feng. They solved some problems between two sides after good communication and discussion and laid solid foundation for future cooperation. Advanced technology and equipment offered us valuble opportunity to learn, for example, the leader of shale shaker of Derrick launched its most advanced equipment-Highly Automatic 3 Layers or Multi-layers Shale Shakers. All the experiences of this exhibition were extremely helpful for us to understand the trend of the industry.

  • KOSUN Attends OTC Oil Exhibition in Houston

    From May 1st to 4th, the 4-person sales team led by Mr. Geng Feng, the General Manager of KOSUN, attended OTC Oil Exhibition in Houston, United States. OTC ( Offshore Technology Conference ) is held every year in US, through which all the producers and buyers in oil equipment industry exchange views on the latest technology. KOSUN has been attending the exhibition for three years, and made several achievements as follows:

    1. Made worldwide self-promotion. Since the OTC is the world’s largest exhibition in oil drilling equipment, and the exhibitors came from all over the world, the industry learned about KOSUN in this exhibition.

     

    KOSUN attend the OTC Oil Exhibition in Houston

    2. Met and communicated face to face with many end users. We got to know more users and traders of solid control products, and customer resources was accumulated. During the exhibition, a famous American company concentrating on mud back technology came to KOSUN’s booth and expressed huge interest in KOSUN’s production. They promised to come to China and visit our factory, and made agreement with us after the exhibition. On the exhibition, the general manager of the Derrick came to meet Mr. Geng Feng. They solved some problems between two sides after good communication and discussion and laid solid foundation for future cooperation. Advanced technology and equipment offered us valuble opportunity to learn, for example the leader of shale shaker of Derrick launched its most advanced equipment-Highly Automatic 3 Layers or Multi-layers Shale Shakers. All the experiences of this exhibition were extremely helpful for us to understand the trend of the industry.

    As a professional and leader in China oil drilling mud solids control industry, KOSUN has more than 21-year idustrial experience, we insist on manufacturing high-performance, high quality products. The solids control equipment we can provide include shale shaker, shale shaker screen, desander, desilter, vacuum degasser, centrifugal pump, submersible slurry pump, shear pump, mud agitator, mud gun, drilling fluids mud cleaner, decanter centrifuge, jet mud mixer, mud tank, diesel tank, water tank and complete solids control systems, etc.

  • Solidification’s Advantages and Disadvantages in Waste Management

    READ: You may find solidification is applied worldwide as the last phase waste management choice in the waste management flow chart. However, it is not perfect since this technology is limited in countries not strict with environmental requirements. Therefore, it has not yet won… 

    You may find solidification is applied worldwide as the last phase waste management choice in the waste management flow chart. However, it is not perfect since this technology is limited in countries not strict with environmental requirements. Therefore, it has not yet won wide recognition nowadays when environmental problems are relatively sharp.

    Solidification ( including sealing, concretion, stabilization ) describes the process to reduce the free water in cuttings and potential pollutant emission with the help of additives. It is called a process because solidifying materials are still underdeveloped. In the past, it is usually applied before burial or paving with solidifying materials. I can also be used in production of recyclable materials like bricks or air bricks. Nevertheless, its best outlook is in the production of road base materials ( mud paved under road ).

    Usually, fly ash and mud are used for cutting solidification. Many solids control products in the market claim good quality, but it still remains unproved whether it has any credibility. The problem for solidification is that there is no technological process or quality control process available. Some believe casing flocculant into cuttings is one kind of solidification. However, not many advantages can be found except reduction of free water with it as a kind of dilution.

    First of all, all the materials applied for solidification should go through leaching test. And the portion cased into cuttings should weigh the same with that in leaching test. However, it is not easy to realize since casing continuation varies. Second, the goal is that solidified materials should resemble raw materials. If brick is needed, then quality bricks should be produced; if paving materials are needed, then the materials should pass road grade test.

    When there is no local solidification and burial standards available, 29B can be referred to since it assumes the materials are solidified and buried. The standard minimized compressive strength required for tested hollow brick is 20P. After the brick is crushed, sampled fragments will be immersed into water to test its oil and salt leashing. It is regulated that oil and chloride sediments quantity be less than 10mg/L and 500mg/L. Other test methods are also available except this. It should be noted that almost all the solidifications will have no economic value when the products meet the standards.

    In a word, solidification should be considered carefully for waste treatment.

     

    Key words:

    KOSUN: Established in 1992 and headquartered in Xi’an, China, Xi’an KOSUN Machinery Co., Ltd. (KOSUN) is among the first group of manufacturers of oil drilling high-frequence shale shakers, is a specialized centrifuge producer, the pioneer in the field of solids control in China, as well as an expert in drilling waste treatment. Its business scope mainly covers China mainland, Commonwealth of Independent States, North Africa and U.S.A..

    Solids control equipment: Its performance and quality play an important role in solids control technology. Drilling solids control system mainly contains such three parts as drilling fluids circulating tank, drilling fluids purification equipment and electric control equipment, among which the drilling fluids purification equipment includes shale shaker, desander, desilter, degasser, centrifuge, centrifugal pump, agitator, mixer, etc. Cuttings recovery and waste fluids treatment equipment can also be coupled for the environmental sensitive areas.

     

  • Application of Biodegradation in Drilling Waste Management

    READ: In drilling waste management, biodegradation has become one of the most favorable solutions among oil drilling companies at home and abroad due to its less expenses and the good environmental benefits it can achieve. However, different drilling environments mean…

    In drilling waste management, biodegradation has become one of the most favorable solutions among oil drilling companies at home and abroad due to its less expenses and the good environmental benefits it can achieve. However, different drilling environments mean applications of biodegradation vary.

    Field Pic of Oil Exploration
    Field Picture of Oil Exploration
     

    Biological drilling waste treatment describes degradation and mineralization of pollutants in drilling waste by bacteria growth, reproduction and internal respiration introduction of degrading bacteria and nutrients with the introduction of degrading bacteria and nutrients. It also takes advantage of biological characteristics in practical operations such as, liquid/solid separation by means of bios and degradation by means of adding microbial flocculant.

    Field Pic of Biodegradation
    Field Picture of Biodegradation
     

    However, the practicality of biodegradation must be taken into consideration based on the local environmental conditions before formally deciding upon this treatment approach. "Indigenous" microorganisms, nutrition factors, humidity, hydraulic detention time, PH value, dissolved oxygen should all be factored into consideration before the implementation of biodegradation.

    “Indigenous” microorganisms are intrinsic microorganisms in drilling waste which do not need introduction and is comparatively economical, but is not effective in treatment. Nutrition factors play an important role in biological growth and metabolism. Therefore, drilling waste treatment needs appropriate addition of nutrition factors. Humidity is vital for biological growth and reproduction, but certainly of no significance for drilling fluids containing large amount of water. However, temperature should be kept under control. Minimized temperature is 15 degrees centigrade and the best is 30 degrees centigrade in drilling fluids treatment. Besides, for field operation of waste management, heating and insulation measures are needed for Winter and Spring and heating and cooling for Summer and Autumn. Hydraulic detention time defines how long treated wastewater stays in bioreactor. Organic pollutants in waste drilling fluids are, to a great extent, synthetic organic macromolecules which has a larger degradation rate than the other organic pollutants in wastewater, so the chosen bacteria should have better sludge loading ability. Above all, PH value and oxygen content of drilling fluids are also important factors and basic conditions for microorganisms to survive in drilling waste.

    At present, the international waste treatment primarily adopts such approaches as land cultivation method, composting method, bioreactor, microbial flocculants method, anaerobic bio-treatment method, aerobic bio-treatment method, natural treatment method ( oxidation pond ).

    Land cultivation method means to thoroughly degrade pollutants contained in drilling waste resorting to re-cultivation. It is very popular in many US and Russia drilling waste treatment sites, but it takes ages and costs a lot and is very easily affected by environment. Compositing method mainly degrades organisms by diluting drilling waste and then adding nutrients and sawdusts to attract microorganisms, which however truly is time-consuming. Bioreactor is both costly and energy-consuming since diluted and blended drilling waste and nutrient solution are put into certain tuner for adjustment of the survival factors for microorganism in order to achieve biodegradation. Microbial flocculants method makes good use of the principles of organic flocculants to solidify drilling fluids and degrade during the process. Apart from these, some drilling companies also apply anaerobic bio-treatment method, aerobic bio-treatment method, natural treatment method ( oxidation pond ) to improve on biodegradation and get good achievements.

     

    Key words:

    KOSUN: Established in 1992 and headquartered in Xi’an China, Xi’an KOSUN Machinery Co., Ltd. ( KOSUN ) is among the first group of manufacturers of oil drilling high-frequence shale shakers, is a specialized centrifuge producer, the pioneer in the field of solids control in China, as well as an expert in drilling waste treatment. Its business scope mainly covers China mainland, Commonwealth of Independent States, North Africa and U.S.A..

    Solids control equipment: Its performance and quality play an important role in solids control technology. Drilling solids control system mainly contains such three parts as drilling fluids circulating tank, drilling fluids purification equipment and electric control equipment, among which the drilling fluids purification equipment includes shale shaker, desander, desilter, degasser, centrifuge, centrifugal pump, agitator, mixer, etc. Cuttings recovery and waste fluids treatment equipment can also be coupled for the environmental sensitive areas.

     

  • Industrial Solids Waste Treatment Should Step up

    READ: Industrial civilization facilitated the rapid development of scientific technology and economy and improved people’s living standards. On the other hand, it has also been swallowing global natural resources in a stunning speed and discharging huge amount of insoluble waste, disturbing…

    Industrial civilization facilitated the rapid development of scientific technology and economy and improved people’s living standards. On the other hand, it has also been swallowing global natural resources in a stunning speed and discharging huge amount of insoluble waste, which disturbed the nature’s ecological balance and resulted in ever worse environmental crisis, exposing human survival and development to threat.

    Industrial solid waste describes the solid, semi-solid and liquid waste apart from high concentration wastewater produced in industrial production such as BF slag, steel slag, red mud, nonferrous metallic slag, fly ash, coal cinder, pyrite cinder, waste gypsum, salt sludge, etc. Along with the industrial development, industrial waste has mounted on a daily basis. Metallurgy and thermal power generation are among the largest waste-discharging industries. It is fairly difficult to manage the waste due to its huge amount, large varieties and complex composition. However, the waste can cause severe environmental pollution since it pollutes water resources, affects plant growth and endangers human fitness. Valid statistics show the total industrial waste emission in West China rose to 531.43 million t in 2007 from 243.09 million t in 2002, up average 17.4% annually. The discharging has really been intensified. Besides, since 2003 the annual emission in West China has accounted for 52% of the whole nation; though its recovery rate increased to 50.3% in 2007 from 40.3% in 2002, it still remains a lower level. It is easy to tell that the harm by China’s domestic solid waste to environment is already quite serious.

    The whole society need commit to industrial solid waste management. First of all, the governments should make continuous efforts to improve on laws and regulations to which all aspects of environmental protection can refer. Legal actions can limit some enterprises’ industrial waste emission and make them improve themselves by strengthened financial investment in waste treatment to reduce the nation’s industrial waste emission. At the same time, the country also need strengthen its investment in scientific research to facilitate the improvement of scientific and technological level and raise the level of industrial waste processing. Next, enterprises should constantly update its industrial structure and pull all energy into circulation economy development. In this way, the problems like high consumption of resources, large emission of pollutants and low level of utilization can be resolved. In the face of increasingly worse environment, we all should promote more on environmental knowledge and strengthen human environmental awareness. There is only one earth which we ought to take good care of but stain all the time since she brings us pretty rivers and mountains and clear streams. We should all do our bits to protect her.

     

    Key words:

    KOSUN: Established in 1992 and headquartered in Xi’an China, Xi’an KOSUN Machinery Co., Ltd. ( KOSUN ) is among the first group of manufacturers of oil drilling high-frequence shale shakers, is a specialized centrifuge producer, the pioneer in the field of solids control in China, as well as an expert in drilling waste treatment. Its business scope mainly covers China mainland, Commonwealth of Independent States, North Africa and U.S.A..

    Solids control equipment: Its performance and quality play an important role in solids control technology. Drilling solids control system mainly contains such three parts as drilling fluids circulating tank, drilling fluids purification equipment and electric control equipment, among which the drilling fluids purification equipment includes shale shaker, desander, desilter, degasser, centrifuge, centrifugal pump, agitator, mixer, etc. Cuttings recovery and waste fluids treatment equipment can also be coupled for the environmental sensitive areas.