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Introduction to seawater desalination

Dec 02, 2024

Desalination technology is the use of seawater desalination technology to produce fresh water,
aiming to increase the total amount of fresh water resources in the world and solve the problem of water shortage. The following is a detailed introduction to seawater desalination technology:
I. Basic overview
Desalination produces fresh water by removing salts and minerals from seawater.
The technology is not limited by time, space and climate, and can provide a stable supply of drinking water and industrial water for coastal areas.

 

Ii. Main methods
1, distillation method: including multi-stage flash, low temperature multi-effect, etc., by heating the seawater evaporation, and then condensation into fresh water.
2, membrane method: mainly reverse osmosis method, the use of semi-permeable membrane under high pressure to let water molecules pass, while blocking salt and other impurities.
3. Application fields

 

1, drinking water supply: desalination technology is mainly used to provide drinking water for residents, especially in arid and water-scarce areas.
2, agricultural irrigation: In some cases, desalinated water can also be used for agricultural irrigation.
3, industrial use: used for industrial boiler water supply and cooling system to ensure the stability of industrial production.
4. Environmental impact

 

1, energy consumption: desalination process needs to consume a lot of energy, especially thermal desalination, may lead to higher carbon emissions.
2. Concentrated seawater discharge: The concentrated seawater generated in the desalination process may have an impact on the Marine ecological environment,
such as increasing the salinity and temperature of local sea areas.

 

In general, seawater desalination technology, as an important open source incremental means of water resources, has broad prospects for development. In the future, with technological advances and cost reductions, seawater desalination is expected to be more widely used around the world.